Chinese Fable

纸上谈兵🔊

Zhǐ Shàng Tán Bīng
📚 Fables⏱ 3 min read🎧 Audio

This fable warns against applying theory without real-world experience.

The Story 🔊

Zhào Kuò cóngxiǎo xuéxí bīngfǎ tánlùn qǐlái tóutóu shì dào
赵括Zhào Kuò🔊从小cóngxiǎo🔊学习xuéxí🔊兵法bīngfǎ🔊谈论tánlùn🔊起来qǐlái🔊头头是道tóutóu shì dào🔊
Kěshì tā cónglái méiyǒu zhēnzhèng dǎ guò zhàng
可是Kěshì🔊🔊从来没有cónglái méiyǒu🔊真正zhēnzhèng🔊打过仗dǎ guò zhàng🔊
Tā dàitì Lián Pō zhǐhuī jūnduì hòu wánquán zhàobān bīngshū
🔊代替dàitì🔊廉颇Lián Pō🔊指挥zhǐhuī🔊军队jūnduì🔊hòu🔊完全wánquán🔊照搬zhàobān🔊兵书bīngshū🔊
Bù dǒngde gēnjù shíjì qíngkuàng línghuó yìngbiàn
不懂得Bù dǒngde🔊根据gēnjù🔊实际shíjì🔊情况qíngkuàng🔊灵活línghuó🔊应变yìngbiàn🔊
Zuìzhōng dǎozhì Zhào jūn cǎnbài sìshí wàn shìbīng bèi kēngshā
最终Zuìzhōng🔊导致dǎozhì🔊赵军Zhào jūn🔊惨败cǎnbài🔊四十万sìshí wàn🔊士兵shìbīng🔊bèi🔊坑杀kēngshā🔊
English Translation:
Zhao Kuo studied military strategy since childhood and could discuss it brilliantly. But he had never actually fought in a war. After replacing Lian Po to command the army, he completely copied the military books. He did not know how to adapt flexibly to actual situations. This ultimately led to a disastrous defeat of the Zhao army, with 400,000 soldiers buried alive.

Key Vocabulary

纸上谈兵
zhǐ shàng tán bīng
armchair strategy
兵法
bīngfǎ
military strategy
照搬
zhàobān
copy mechanically
灵活
línghuó
flexible
应变
yìngbiàn
adapt
惨败
cǎnbài
disastrous defeat

The Moral

Book knowledge without practice is worthless! This idiom warns against applying theory without real-world experience.

Cultural Insight

纸上谈兵 comes from the Battle of Changping (长平之战) in "Records of the Grand Historian" (史记).